1 % versus 11.1 %). After a median of 88 days, seven patients completed the pancreato-jejunal anastomosis without major complications or mortality. After a median follow-up of 14 months, none of the ETP patients developed diabetes.\n\nExternal tube pancreatostomy significantly reduces the mortality associated with emergency CP. Thus, it should always be considered when deciding the treatment option in emergency surgery for severe pancreatic fistulas.”
“A chronic toxicity study of kojic acid (KA) was performed using male F344 rats

by dietary administration at concentrations of 0 (control), 0.5 and 2.0% for 55 weeks. Body weight gain was suppressed in the 2.0% group. The major hematological findings were decreased red blood cell (RBC) count and hematocrit (Ht) values at both 0.5 and 2.0%. BKM120 PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitor HM781-36B concentration In serum biochemistry, increased aspartate transaminase (AsT), alanine transaminase (AlT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP)

levels were detected in the 0.5 and 2.0% groups. Histopathologically, single cell necrosis of hepatocytes and proliferation of bile ductules in both treatment groups, and hypertrophy of hepatocytes, granulomas and proliferation of bile ducts in the 2.0% group were increased in incidence, and numbers and areas of glutathione-S-transferase placental-form (GST-P) positive foci were increased in the liver of the 2.0% group. In the thyroids, diffuse follicular cell hyperplasia at 0.5 and 2.0% and focal follicular cell hyperplasia and follicular adenoma at 2.0% were increased. A thyroid follicular carcinoma was also observed at 2.0%. Additionally, increased incidences of hyaline casts and basophilic tubules in the kidneys at 2.0% and microgranulomas containing crystals in the lung in both treatment groups were noted. At 2.0%, hypertrophy of cortical cells in zona fasciculata was also increased in the adrenals. In conclusion, no observed adverse effect level of KA was below 0.5%, which is equivalent to 227

mg/kg body weight/day in male rats.”
“Objective: To identify correlates of nonadherence to the recommendation for routine second-dose varicella vaccination in a diverse sample of school-age children.\n\nMethods: A total of 67,977 children of 4-6 years (51% male, 50% Hispanic) were included in this retrospective cohort study. The second-dose varicella vaccination history was evaluated by PI3K inhibitor using the Kaiser Immunization Tracking System. Correlation and multivariable regression analyses were used to test the association between potential correlates and nonadherence to the second-dose varicella vaccination.\n\nResults: Four-year-old children had a significantly higher vaccination rate (76.1%) than 5-year-olds (43.2%) and 6-year-olds (17.3%) by 12 months after the implementation of routine second-dose varicella vaccination. Non-Hispanic white race [rate ratio (RR): 1.13 (95% CI: 1.11-1.15)], living in an area of >75% adults with a high-school diploma [RR: 1.17 (95% CI: 1.14-1.