Isolates CFS-FSMP 1500 and CFS-FSMP 1512 were found to be resistant to neomycin and isolate CFS-FSMP 1510 was reported as resistant to trimethoprim and neomycin. All other isolates were found susceptible to these check details two antimicrobial agents (Table 4). Table 4 Results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Cronobacter isolates. Isolate S S3 AMP W CN SH FR N CFS-FSMP 1500 15.70
18.30 19.94 23.78 19.20 16.99 19.60 6.29* CFS-FSMP 1501 17.56 28.72 25.21 29.26 21.47 22.16 21.83 17.97 CFS-FSMP 1502 16.54 28.72 20.30 22.98 21.28 22.37 21.30 17.75 CFS-FSMP 1503 18.67 24.94 23.36 25.80 23.17 22.53 23.14 18.95 CFS-FSMP 1504 17.86 30.42 21.97 24.31 22.12 23.05 22.68 17.92 CFS-FSMP 1505 18.33 29.49 22.40 26.27 21.79 24.27 22.73 19.03 CFS-FSMP 1506 18.74 31.27 22.24 25.45 23.09 23.27 23.36 19.31 CFS-FSMP 1507 17.91 30.37 22.80 25.38 21.71 28.50 23.30 18.88 CFS-FSMP 1508 17.95 32.25 22.89 27.49 20.81 21.05 23.21 17.85 CFS-FSMP 1509 18.27 23.43 22.74 26.38 21.55 22.36 22.55 17.89 CFS-FSMP 1510 17.51 26.33 22.95 7.02* 22.10 23.20 22.93 6.46* CFS-FSMP 1511
18.37 30.95 24.75 26.40 22.30 23.23 22.46 18.53 CFS-FSMP 1512 18.53 30.55 24.78 26.90 22.63 19.83 23.41 11.95* CFS-FSMP 1513 16.16 31.73 25.49 26.08 20.95 20.62 22.87 18.58 CFS-FSMP 1514 17.45 25.54 24.14 25.75 22.73 23.28 23.30 18.27 CFS-FSMP 1515 16.11 30.74 24.79 24.66 21.21 22.09 20.76 17.51 S streptomycin, S3 Ibrutinib cell line compound also sulphonamides, AMP ampicillin, W trimethoprim, CN gentamicin, SH spectinomycin, FR furazolidone, N neomycin; Green = susceptible, *Denotes resistance; diameter of inhibition zone was measured in mm. PFGE Analysis Macrorestriction of Cronobacter genomic DNA with XbaI yielded 10 to 17 DNA fragments ranging in size from 48.5 to 1,000 kbp. A dendrogram was compiled
which illustrates the fingerprint pattern similarities between the various Cronobacter isolates (Figure 2). In total, 8 pulse-types (denoted 1 through 8) were identified that showed indistinguishable similarity. Figure 2 PFGE analysis showing the clustering of Cronobacter isolates recovered from dairy products. rep-PCR Analysis The rep-PCR typing yielded between 18 and 25 DNA fragments that ranged in size from 150 to 3,500 bp. A dendrogram representing the genetic relatedness amongst the isolates was composed (Figure 3). Amongst the collection, 3 rep-PCR cluster groups (denoted A, B and C) were identified that exhibited identical similarity. Figure 3 rep-PCR analysis illustrating the relatedness of Cronobacter isolates recovered from dairy products. recN Gene Sequencing The results of the recN sequence analysis determined that two Cronobacter species, C. sakazakii and C. malonaticus, had been isolated in this study.