Moreover, our results Dabrafenib mouse emphasize the need for more effective prevention programmes to control the growing burden of the HIV epidemic and other chronic diseases affecting people living with HIV. We thank Ms Alessia Brioschi (PAC Department, LHA-Brescia) for her invaluable help in setting up the Assisted Persons Database and Dr Sabrina

De Nardi for her help with revision of the English language. We also wish to thank all the doctors, nurses, health care professionals and volunteers dedicated to care of HIV-infected patients in Brescia Province, and the patients themselves. Conflicts of interest CT and GC have served as advisors for, or have received lecture fees or grant support from, pharmaceutical companies that produce Osimertinib mouse antiretroviral drugs. DB received funding from Abbott laboratories. The remaining authors do not have any potential conflicts of interests to disclose. Appendix S1. ICD-9-CM: International Classification of Disease 9th Revision, Clinical Modification; DRGs: Diagnosis Related Groups; ATC: Anatomic and Therapeutic Chemical Classification; DDD: Daily Defined Doses. Please note: Wiley-Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding

author for the article. “
“The aim of the study was to determine whether combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) with high central nervous system penetration-effectiveness (CPE) rank (neurocART) is associated with increased survival benefit compared with non-neurocART. Prospective data were examined for HIV-positive patients in the Asia Pacific HIV Observational Database who had commenced cART. CPE rank was calculated using the 2010 rankings process. NeurocART status was assigned to regimens with a CPE rank

of 8 or more. Survival was analysed using Cox proportional hazards models with covariates updated at changes in cART regimen and with deaths up to 90 GABA Receptor days after regimen cessation attributed to that regimen. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine the robustness of analysis assumptions. Among 5882 patients, 308 deaths occurred. The hazard ratio (HR) for neurocART use was 0.89 (P=0.35) when data were stratified by cohort and adjusted for age, mode of HIV exposure, hepatitis B virus coinfection, AIDS-defining illness, CD4 count (cells/μL) and regimen count. Sensitivity analyses showed similar nonsignificant results. We also examined a composite endpoint of AIDS-defining illness or death (HR=0.93; P=0.61), baseline regimen as neurocART (HR=0.95; P=0.69), CPE category (P=0.71) and prior neurocART duration (P=0.16). No association between CD4 cell count and neurocART use was observed (P=0.52). Our findings do not show a significant overall survival benefit associated with neurocART compared with cART.