The key search terms were “”aripiprazole”" combined with “”bipolar disorder”", “”mania”", “”antipsychotics”", “”mood stabilizer”", “”randomized controlled trial”", and “”pharmacology”". Abstracts and proceedings from national and international psychiatric meetings were also reviewed, along with reviews of the reference lists of relevant articles.”
“Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)-associated renal dysfunction following cardiac surgery is well recognized. In patients
with renal disease, cystatin C has emerged as a new biomarker which in contrast to creatinine (Cr) is sensitive to minor changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Aim: We utilized cystatin C to investigate the association of CPB perfusion BAY 57-1293 in vivo parameters with acute renal injury after pediatric cardiac surgery.
Methods: Twenty children, aged 4-58 months (AVSD, n = 7; VSD, n = 9; and ASD, n = 4), were prospectively studied. Glomerular filtration rate was quantified postoperatively by creatinine clearance (first and second 12-h periods; CrCl(0-12) and CrCl(12-24)). Serum cystatin C and Cr were measured preoperatively and on days 0-3. Recorded CPB parameters included bypass duration (BP), perfusion pressure (PP),
lowest pump flow (Q(min)), lowest hematocrit, and corresponding lowest oxygen delivery (DO(2 min)). Myocardial injury was determined by troponin-I.
Results: Postoperatively, MS-275 clinical trial GFR remained unchanged (CrCl(0-12) 63.6 +/- 37.0 vs CrCl(12-24) 65.1 +/- 27.5; P = 0.51) and only correlated with cystatin C (CrCl(0-12) vs cystatin C(Day0) [r = 0.58, P = 0.018] and Cr(Day0) [r = 0.09, P = 0.735]). Cr and cystatin C increased postoperatively to peak on days 2 and 3, respectively (Cr(PreOp) 31 +/- 6.9
vs Cr(Day2) 36.9 +/- 12.2, P = 0.03; cystatin C(Day0) 0.83 +/- 0.27 vs cystatin C(Day3) 1.45 +/- 0.53, P = 0.02). Increased cystatin C was significantly associated with BP (P = 0.001), mean PP (P = 0.029), Q(min) (P = 0.005), troponin-I (P < 0.001), and DO(2min) < 300 ml.min(-1).m(-2) (P = 0.007). Receiver-operator PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor drugs cutoff > 1.044 mg l(-1) for cystatin C exhibited 100% sensitivity and 67% specificity for detecting renal dysfunction, defined as GFR < 55 ml.min(-1).1.73 m(-2).
Conclusions: Cystatin C is a sensitive marker of early renal dysfunction following pediatric heart surgery. Variations in bypass parameters, myocardial injury, and ultimately critical oxygen delivery are significantly associated with the degree of renal impairment.”
“Antibody mediated rejection (AMR) is associated with a greater incidence of allograft loss because traditional approaches – pulse steroid or anti-lymphocyte antibodies are usually ineffective. This retrospective analysis documented the benefit of rituximab administration in addition to plasmapheresis (PP).