Thereafter, reaction mixtures were thawed and subjected to SDS PAGE electrophoresis and Western blot analysis. EPZ-5676 solubility Statistical methodology Survival analysis used Cox regression analyses to examine hazard ratios. Each model was tested and all complied with the assumption of proportional hazard. These statistical analyses were performed using SAS version 9. 2. The probabilities shown in the Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries single predictor models are not corrected for multiple comparisons. The probabilities in the multiple predictor model take into account the presence of the other predictors, Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries i. e. tumor size, nodal status, grade, PR expression, P7 score and p mTOR. Results mTOR and pS2448 mTOR expression in Human Breast Tumors Previously constructed TMAs containing multiple samples of ER breast tumors were interrogated.

Immunohistochemical staining for both p S2448 mTOR and total mTOR was observed and was primarily cytoplasmic, however nuclear staining of Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries both occurred in a minority of tumors. Unexpectedly, it was found that total mTOR expression was negatively correlated with size and nodal status. Furthermore, p S2448 mTOR was also found to be negatively associated with size and nodal status. When tumors were divided into node negative and positive categories the median IHC scores for mTOR were significantly different. Similarly, p S2448 mTOR IHC scores were significantly different between node negative and positive tumors. When tumors were dichotomized into small and large size, the median H scores for mTOR were significantly higher in small versus large tumor size.

In Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries contrast the same analysis for p S2448 mTOR showed no significant difference. Together these data suggested the possibility that an activated mTOR pathway, possibly associated with mTORC1, is a good prognostic factor in primary human ER breast cancer. Association of mTOR p S2448 mTOR with clinical outcome in patients Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries treated with tamoxifen The cohort of breast cancer cases interrogated for mTOR and p S2448 mTOR represented primary ER tumors from patients who received adjuvant tamoxifen therapy after surgery. Therefore the relationship of mTOR and p S2448 mTOR to clinical outcome defined by relapse free survival and overall survival from death due to breast cancer was determined. Expression of mTOR was not significantly associated with clinical outcome, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 1A B.

However, high levels of p S2448 mTOR were found significantly associated with better clinical outcome both OS and RFS as shown in Figure 1C D. However, this Ku 0059436 did not remain significant on multivariate analysis. Association of mTOR p S2448 mTOR with the P7 phosphorylation score for ER Previously, we had determined expression of 7 different phosphorylated residues on ER in these same breast cancer samples from patients who subsequently received adjuvant tamoxifen therapy, and found that multiple tumors expressed combinations of phosphorylated ER epitopes.