These genes were classified into COG functional categories http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/COG/. However, we
were not able to observe any significant Citarinostat enrichment for a specific COG category (Additional files 1 and 2, Tables S1 and S2, repectively). We noted decreased mRNA abundance in the ΔAfcrzA of several genes involved in calcium transport, such as the vacuolar H+/Ca+2 (Afu2g07630), calcium-translocating P-type ATPase (PMCA-type, Afu3g10690), and calcium-transporting ATPase 1 (PMC1, Afu7g01030). We also observed decreased mRNA accumulation when the ΔAfcrzA strain was exposed to calcium of genes encoding several transcription factors [CtfA (Afu4g03960), RfeF (Afu4g10200), and ZfpA (Afu8g05010)], and genes that could be directly or indirectly involved in calcium metabolism [such as a phospholipase D (Afu2g16520),
two peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (Afu5g13350 and Afu2g03720), a calcineurin binding protein (Afu2g13060), a Bar adaptor protein (Afu3g14230), and a potential regulator of cytoskeleton and endocytosis, homologue of mammalian amphiphysin. Interestingly, a chitin synthase A (Afu2g01870) also showed decreased mRNA accumulation in the ΔAfcrzA strain background. Cramer et al. [26] have shown that see more the calcineurin pathway plays an important role in cell wall biosynthesis in A. fumigatus, and that calcineurin and AfCrzA inactivation mutants are more sensitive to specific cell wall inhibitors, such as caspofungin. However, in contrast to
our results these authors have observed an increased and decreased mRNA accumulation of chitin synthase A in the ΔAfcrzA and ΔAfcalA mutant strains, respectively. Several of the genes above mentioned (such as Afu2g16520, Afu2g13060, Afu3g14230, Afu4g10200, Afu8g05010, and Afu3g10690) have also been observed by Soriani et al. [16] as more expressed upon Staurosporine chemical structure exposure of A. fumigatus to calcium. We have also previously observed that zfpA (Afu8g01050) has increased mRNA accumulation that is dependent on the cyclic AMP-protein kinase A signaling pathway during adaptation to voriconazole [26]. Thus, it is plausible that zfpA is related to a transcriptional network controlled by calcineurin-CrzA that has a key role in mediating cellular stress responses. We observed increased mRNA accumulation when the ΔAfcrzA strain was exposed to calcium of genes encoding a class V chitinase (Afu7g08490), an exo-β-1,3-glucanase (Afu2g00430), an AAA ABT-263 research buy family ATPase (Afu4g04800), a cation diffusion facilitator 3, a multidrug resistance protein (Afu4g01140), a TOR signalling pathway protein TipA (Afu2g07540), an inositol polyphosphate phosphatase (Afu5g02140), a representative of the Hsp9-12 heat shock protein Scf1 (Afu1g17370), and a protein phosphatase 2C (Afu4g00720).